美国海军这几天在做什么？

by Hkfool, at 28 June 2020, tags : 南海海权 点击纠错 点击删除

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品葱用户 hkfool 提问于 6/28/2020

美国来了三个航母战斗群，
因此海上一定有事。

前几天，在台湾以南巴士海峡，Canal De Bashi,
美军反潜机反复的飞，
显然是在找潜艇。

中共军机专门赶去并且做了不礼貌的行为：
干扰美军空中加油操作。
这是为什么？

可以猜测是潜艇被按在水下了。

另外有一份6月22日的文章，
介绍中美海军将在南海水下的交锋。
《国家利益》的文章请Google 大妈翻译了一下放在后面。

请注意战争史中，
自从拿破仑的海军被英国女皇的「尼尔森」打败，
海权就是军人能够为国民奉上的至高荣誉。

美国对海权是最重视的，因为
海权合同的维护人现在就是：美国海军。

然后，6月26日多家媒体报道中共在南海的「永兴岛」， Woody Island,
重新开始填海造岛。用英文岛名在国外网站搜索一下就知道。

在更南面的几个岛上，
包子上台后都填海扩岛修成了「不动的航母」。

可以在卫星地图上找一下这几个岛礁： Mischief Reef, Fiery Cross Reef, Subi Reef.

台湾在南海也有岛礁，附近就有一个好像叫「太平岛」。如果岛上还有台湾军人的话，冲突的时候中共去抓俘虏应该很容易也很好玩。

军事上包子权力大，
所以南海扩张非常高明。
然而，不动的航母至少有几个缺点：

- 触怒周边几乎所有国家，
- 导弹容易锁定，军舰也可以四面围住轰击，
- 中共海军可耻的变身为陆军对海军来说是一种反向进化和羞辱。

日本在二战末期一个岛一个岛的血战也没有用过这样的岛。

结合上周日本高调公布自己尾随一条中共潜艇的事情，
我们可以知道美军航母真得是大张旗鼓的来了，
当然韭菜们不需要操心。

我一直有点敬佩中国人的搞笑精神，
说什么中美冷战是中国崛起时必须打的。
在真正的冷战中斯大林的苏联身边有多少小弟？
看一下地图，他身边全是小弟。

而中共现在贴身的小弟有几个？
包子自己的名言：没有，没有，没有。

连印度都直接翻脸，中国韭菜不需要知道你们口中的印度阿三不鸟你家主子。俄罗斯立即卖给印度三十几架新型战机和AK203步枪生产线。

这不是冷战，这是烂战。
又蠢又坏，比坏斗狠的斗争意识。
即没有毛泽东的阴谋诡计，又没有邓小平的圆滑手腕，只有土匪的野蛮。

一个不让人说实话的国家，
一场滑入地狱的旷世大戏请诸位鉴赏。

-—–

附录1， G 大妈翻译的《国家利益》文章：
（为什么称呼Google 为 G 大妈？因为自称 Do no evil 的Google 和德国默大妈和百度度娘越来越像。）

https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/china-vs-america-submarine-showdown-south-china-sea-163258

The National Interest

June 22, 2020

中國與美國：南中國海的對決？

China vs. America: A Submarine Showdown in the South China Sea?

美國一直在繼續其在中國南海地區的波塞冬P-8偵察機進行的中國分獵巡邏。

The United States has been continuing Chinese sub-hunting patrols with its Poseidon P-8 surveillance plane in the South China Sea area.

克里斯·奧斯本（Kris Osborn）
by Kris Osborn

作為一項正在進行的競爭的一部分，美國和中國的競爭性監視獵物繼續在南中國海中相互追踪，以獲取彼此的情報，並且理想情況下，根據南蘇丹在南海中建立某種海上優勢持續的緊張局勢。

Rival U.S. and Chinese sub-hunting surveillance assets continue to track one another in the South China Sea as part of an ongoing competition to both gain intelligence about the other and, ideally, establish some kind of maritime superiority in the South China Sea in light of ongoing tensions.

據《環球時報》報導，中國人一直在南中國海地區運營KJ-500機載預警和控制系統以及KQ-200 Y8潛射飛機。

The Chinese have been operating KJ-500 airborne early warning and control systems and KQ-200 Y8 sub-hunting aircraft in the South China Sea area, according to the Global Times.

《環球時報》援引台灣媒體關於衛星圖像的報導，援引中國專家的話說：“根據中國面臨的軍事威脅，中國有權在該國部署防禦性武器。”報告指出，中國官員尚未正式確認任務，但引用中國領導人的話，強調中國捍衛國家安全利益的權利。

Citing Taiwanese media reports pointing to satellite images, the Global Times quotes Chinese experts saying “China has the right to deploy defensive weapons there, according to the military threats China is facing.” While it notes that Chinese officials have not formally confirmed the missions, the report quotes Chinese leaders emphasizing the country’s right to defend its national security interests.

中國武器和南中國海監視行動的衛星圖像絕非史無前例，因為以前曾在許多場合發現過。在某一時刻，有許多報導稱中國的火砲，火箭和陸戰資產被放置在南中國海，以及據報有戰鬥人員的衛星圖像被放置在該島地區。幾年前，美國波塞冬（Poseidon）P-8偵察機在該地區發現了偽造的島嶼建築或“土地開墾”，有時發現中國為在新增加的領土上建造飛機起降跑道所做的明顯努力。

Satellite images of Chinese weapons and surveillance operations in the South China Sea are by no means unprecedented, as they have previously been identified on numerous occasions. At one point there were multiple reports of Chinese artillery, rockets and land war assets being placed in the South China Sea, as well as reported satellite images of fighters being placed in the island region. Years ago, U.S. Poseidon P-8 surveillance planes detected phony island-building, or “land reclamation” in the area, at times identifying overt Chinese efforts to build airplane landing strips on newly added territories.

潛艇作戰對於任何形式的南海軍事交戰當然都至關重要。南海諸島周圍廣闊的淺水沿海地區自然使深吃水的水面艦艇在該地區作業更加困難，這也許是淺水海軍“濱海戰鬥艦”除外。因此，潛艇可以更緊密地接近，監視和攻擊沿海地區，從而帶來確定的戰術優勢。監視飛機還可以幫助發現可能部署在該地區的海底和地面無人機，以進行情報，監視和偵察（ISR）任務或攻擊。

Submarine operations would, of course, be of critical significance in any kind of South China Sea military engagement. The expansive shallow-water coastal areas surrounding islands in the South China Sea naturally make it more difficult for deep draft surface ships to operate in the area, perhaps apart from shallow-draft Navy Littoral Combat Ships. Submarines, therefore, can more closely approach, surveil and attack coastal regions, bringing a decided tactical advantage. Surveillance planes could also help find undersea and surface drones likely to be deployed in the region for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) missions or attack.

有鑑於此，作為相稱反擊的一部分，美國一直在其在南海地區的波塞冬（Poseidon）P-8偵察機上繼續進行中國分獵巡邏。幾乎不需要想像就能想像出其先進的傳感器，聲納浮標和武器將如何作為遏制中國擴張的遏制戰略的一部分，甚至可以作為對中國不斷增長的核武器彈道導彈潛艇艦隊的威懾力量。

Given all this, as part of a commensurate counter-effort, the United States has been continuing Chinese sub-hunting patrols with its Poseidon P-8 surveillance plane in the South China Sea area. It takes little imagination to envision ways its advanced sensors, sonobuoys and weapons could function as part of a containment strategy against Chinese expansion⁠—and even operate as a deterrent against China’s growing fleet of nuclear-armed ballistic missile submarines (SSBN).

Y-8的反潛技術的範圍可能仍然是個謎，因為它可能會或可能不會有效地與新的升級的美國P-8波塞冬戰鬥。除了具有ISR功能的SSN攻擊潛艇以外，由於多種原因，波塞冬似乎也可以很好地幫助執行美國SSBN潛獵任務。 P-8不僅以564英里/小時的速度比它所取代的P-3 Orion快得多，而且其六個額外的燃料箱使其能夠搜索廣闊的海洋，並在高威脅地區花費更多的停留時間。海軍開發人員解釋說，“波塞冬”號可以執行十小時的任務，航程可達1200海裡。波塞冬擁有更高的駐留時間能力（由高速信號增強），可以很好地定位波塞冬，使其能夠覆蓋廣闊的區域以尋找“隱藏的”中國SSBN。

The extent of the Y-8s anti-submarine technology may remain somewhat of a mystery, as it may or may not effectively rival the new, upgraded U.S. P-8 Poseidon. Alongside ISR-enabled SSN attack submarines, the Poseidon seems well-positioned to help perform the U.S. SSBN sub-hunting mission for a number of reasons. Not only is the P-8’s 564 mph speed considerably faster than the P-3 Orion it is replacing, but its six additional fuel tanks enable it to search wide swaths of ocean and spend more dwell-time patrolling high-threat areas. Navy developers explain the Poseidon can operate on ten-hour missions at ranges out to twelve hundred nautical miles. More dwell-time capacity, fortified by high-speeds, seems to position the Poseidon well for covering wide areas in search of “hidden” Chinese SSBNs.

P-8A是波音737-800的軍事化變體，包括魚雷和魚叉武器站，129個聲納浮標和一個空中加油站，可提供更長的航程，潛射深度穿透能力和多種攻擊選擇。鑑於P-8可以在比水面艦艇，直升機或其他低空飛行的飛機更高的高度上進行聲納浮標子狩獵任務，因此P-8可以在降低敵人水面火力和群聚小船攻擊的風險的情況下進行操作。與許多無人機和其他ISR資產不同，波塞冬不僅可以找到並跟踪敵方潛艇，還可以攻擊和摧毀它們。

The P-8A, a militarized variant of Boeing’s 737-800, includes torpedo and Harpoon weapons stations, 129 sonobuoys and an in-flight refueling station, providing longer ranges, sub-hunting depth penetration and various attack options. Given that a P-8 can conduct sonobuoy sub-hunting missions from higher altitudes than surface ships, helicopters or other lower-flying aircraft, it can operate with decreased risk from enemy surface fire and swarming small boat attacks. Unlike many drones and other ISR assets, a Poseidon can not only find and track enemy submarines but attack and destroy them as well.

波塞冬（Poseidon）的降落傘式聲納浮標除了可優化其掃描海面的AN / APY-10監視雷達和MX系列電光/紅外攝像機外，還可以在海面以下各種深度找到潛艇。偵察機可以在由水面艦艇，無人水面艦艇，空中無人機安裝的海上傳感器和潛艇組成的更廣泛的子狩獵網絡中作為“節點”運行。作為對相互關聯的子狩獵任務的貢獻的一部分，波塞冬可利用主動電子掃描陣列，合成孔徑雷達和地面移動目標指示器。

Alongside its AN/APY-10 surveillance radar and MX-series electro-optical/infrared cameras optimized to scan the ocean surface, the Poseidon’s air-parachuted sonobuoys can find submarines at various depths beneath the surface. The surveillance aircraft can operate as a “node” within a broader sub-hunting network consisting of surface ships, unmanned surface vessels, aerial drone-mounted maritime sensors and submarines. As part of its contribution to interconnected sub-hunting missions, the Poseidon can draw upon an Active Electronically Scanned Array, Synthetic Aperture Radar and Ground Moving Target Indicator.

通過將水聽器和電磁羅盤降低到預定深度，並通過電纜將其連接到浮動水面收音機

By lowering hydrophones and a magnetic compass to a predetermined depth, connected by cable to a floating surface radio transmitter, Poseidon sonobuoys can convert acoustic energy from the water into a radio signal sent to aircraft computer processors, according to a June 2018 issue of “Physics World.”

而且，由波塞冬（Poseidon）派出的聲納浮標也可以為經常討論的“美國海軍魚鉤海底防禦線”做出貢獻，這是一個由水聽器，傳感器和戰略定位資產組成的無縫網絡，從中國北方沿海地區延伸到菲律賓附近，一直延伸到印度尼西亞卡內基國際和平基金會的一篇文章稱“中國的核彈道導彈潛艇與戰略穩定”。

Also, Poseidon-dispatched sonobuoys can contribute to the often discussed “US Navy Fish Hook Undersea Defense Line,” a seamless network of hydrophones, sensors and strategically positioned assets stretching from coastal areas off of Northern China down near the Philippines all the way to Indonesia, according to an essay from the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, called “China’s Nuclear Ballistic Missile Submarines and Strategic Stability.”

克里斯·奧斯本（Kris Osborn）是《國家利益》的國防編輯。奧斯本以前曾在五角大樓擔任陸軍助理部長辦公室（採購，物流與技術）辦公室的高素質專家。奧斯本還曾在國家電視台擔任主持人和廣播軍事專家。他曾作為福克斯新聞，MSNBC，軍事頻道和歷史頻道的特邀軍事專家出現。他還擁有哥倫比亞大學的比較文學碩士學位。

Kris Osborn is the defense editor for the National Interest. Osborn previously served at the Pentagon as a Highly Qualified Expert with the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Army—Acquisition, Logistics & Technology. Osborn has also worked as an anchor and on-air military specialist at national TV networks. He has appeared as a guest military expert on Fox News, MSNBC, The Military Channel, and The History Channel. He also has a Masters Degree in Comparative Literature from Columbia University.

附2, 2020年， 6月25日，印度的反潜机也在工作，中共潜艇去到印度洋已经不是什么稀奇事，Forbes 的文章， https://www.forbes.com/sites/hisutton/2020/06/26/chinese-navy-submarines-could-become-a-reality-in-indian-ocean/#11e104454a6c